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# VIRTUAL(5) VIRTUAL(5)
#
# NAME
# virtual - format of Postfix virtual alias table
#
# SYNOPSIS
# postmap /etc/postfix/virtual
#
# postmap -q "string" /etc/postfix/virtual
#
# postmap -q - /etc/postfix/virtual <inputfile
#
# DESCRIPTION
# The optional virtual alias table specifies address alias-
# ing for arbitrary local or non-local recipient addresses.
# Virtual aliasing is recursive, and is done by the Postfix
# cleanup(8) daemon.
#
# The main applications of virtual aliasing are:
#
# o To redirect mail for one address to one or more
# addresses.
#
# o To implement virtual alias domains where all
# addresses are aliased to addresses in other
# domains.
#
# Virtual alias domains are not to be confused with
# the virtual mailbox domains that are implemented
# with the Postfix virtual(8) mail delivery agent.
# With virtual mailbox domains, each recipient
# address can have its own mailbox.
#
# Virtual aliasing is applied only to recipient envelope
# addresses, and does not affect message headers. Think
# Sendmail rule set S0, if you like. Use canonical(5) map-
# ping to rewrite header and envelope addresses in general.
#
# Normally, the virtual alias table is specified as a text
# file that serves as input to the postmap(1) command. The
# result, an indexed file in dbm or db format, is used for
# fast searching by the mail system. Execute the command
# postmap /etc/postfix/virtual in order to rebuild the
# indexed file after changing the text file.
#
# When the table is provided via other means such as NIS,
# LDAP or SQL, the same lookups are done as for ordinary
# indexed files.
#
# Alternatively, the table can be provided as a regular-
# expression map where patterns are given as regular expres-
# sions. In that case, the lookups are done in a slightly
# different way as described below.
#
# TABLE FORMAT
# The format of the virtual table is as follows, mappings
# being tried in the order as listed in this manual page:
#
# pattern result
# When pattern matches a mail address, replace it by
# the corresponding result.
#
# blank lines and comments
# Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored,
# as are lines whose first non-whitespace character
# is a `#'.
#
# multi-line text
# A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A
# line that starts with whitespace continues a logi-
# cal line.
#
# With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from
# networked tables such as NIS, LDAP or SQL, patterns are
# tried in the order as listed below:
#
# user@domain address, address, ...
# Mail for user@domain is redirected to address.
# This form has the highest precedence.
#
# user address, address, ...
# Mail for user@site is redirected to address when
# site is equal to $myorigin, when site is listed in
# $mydestination, or when it is listed in
# $inet_interfaces.
#
# This functionality overlaps with functionality of
# the local aliases(5) database. The difference is
# that virtual mapping can be applied to non-local
# addresses.
#
# @domain address, address, ...
# Mail for any user in domain is redirected to
# address. This form has the lowest precedence.
#
# In all the above forms, when address has the form @other-
# domain, the result is the same user in otherdomain. This
# works for the first address in the expansion only.
#
# ADDRESS EXTENSION
# When a mail address localpart contains the optional recip-
# ient delimiter (e.g., user+foo@domain), the lookup order
# becomes: user+foo@domain, user@domain, user+foo, user, and
# @domain. An unmatched address extension (+foo) is propa-
# gated to the result of table lookup.
#
# VIRTUAL ALIAS DOMAINS
# Besides virtual aliases, the virtual alias table can also
# be used to implement virtual alias domains. With a virtual
# alias domain, all recipient addresses are aliased to
# addresses in other domains.
#
# Virtual alias domains are not to be confused with the vir-
# tual mailbox domains that are implemented with the Postfix
# virtual(8) mail delivery agent. With virtual mailbox
# domains, each recipient address can have its own mailbox.
#
# With a virtual alias domain, the virtual domain has its
# own user name space. Local (i.e. non-virtual) usernames
# are not visible in a virtual alias domain. In particular,
# local aliases(5) and local mailing lists are not visible
# as localname@virtual-alias.domain.
#
# Support for a virtual alias domain looks like:
#
# /etc/postfix/main.cf:
# virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual
#
# Note: some systems use dbm databases instead of hash.
# See the output from postconf -m for available database
# types.
#
# /etc/postfix/virtual:
# virtual-alias.domain anything (right-hand content does not matter)
# postmaster@virtual-alias.domain postmaster
# user1@virtual-alias.domain address1
# user2@virtual-alias.domain address2, address3
#
# The virtual-alias.domain anything entry is required for a
# virtual alias domain. Without this entry, mail is rejected
# with "relay access denied", or bounces with "mail loops
# back to myself".
#
# Do not specify virtual alias domain names in the main.cf
# mydestination or relay_domains configuration parameters.
#
# With a virtual alias domain, the Postfix SMTP server
# accepts mail for known-user@virtual-alias.domain, and
# rejects mail for unknown-user@virtual-alias.domain as
# undeliverable.
#
# Instead of specifying the virtual alias domain name via
# the virtual_alias_maps table, you may also specify it via
# the main.cf virtual_alias_domains configuration parameter.
# This latter parameter uses the same syntax as the main.cf
# mydestination configuration parameter.
#
# REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES
# This section describes how the table lookups change when
# the table is given in the form of regular expressions. For
# a description of regular expression lookup table syntax,
# see regexp_table(5) or pcre_table(5).
#
# Each pattern is a regular expression that is applied to
# the entire address being looked up. Thus, user@domain mail
# addresses are not broken up into their user and @domain
# constituent parts, nor is user+foo broken up into user and
# foo.
#
# Patterns are applied in the order as specified in the
# table, until a pattern is found that matches the search
# string.
#
# Results are the same as with indexed file lookups, with
# the additional feature that parenthesized substrings from
# the pattern can be interpolated as $1, $2 and so on.
#
# BUGS
# The table format does not understand quoting conventions.
#
# CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
# The following main.cf parameters are especially relevant
# to this topic. See the Postfix main.cf file for syntax
# details and for default values. Use the postfix reload
# command after a configuration change.
#
# virtual_alias_maps
# List of virtual aliasing tables.
#
# virtual_alias_domains
# List of virtual alias domains. This uses the same
# syntax as the mydestination parameter.
#
# Other parameters of interest:
#
# inet_interfaces
# The network interface addresses that this system
# receives mail on. You need to stop and start Post-
# fix when this parameter changes.
#
# mydestination
# List of domains that this mail system considers
# local.
#
# myorigin
# The domain that is appended to any address that
# does not have a domain.
#
# owner_request_special
# Give special treatment to owner-xxx and xxx-request
# addresses.
#
# SEE ALSO
# cleanup(8) canonicalize and enqueue mail
# postmap(1) create mapping table
# regexp_table(5) POSIX regular expression table format
# pcre_table(5) Perl Compatible Regular Expression table format
#
# LICENSE
# The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this
# software.
#
# AUTHOR(S)
# Wietse Venema
# IBM T.J. Watson Research
# P.O. Box 704
# Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
#
# VIRTUAL(5)
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