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<html> <head> </head> <body> <pre>
POSTSUPER(1) POSTSUPER(1)
<b>NAME</b>
postsuper - Postfix superintendent
<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
<b>postsuper</b> [<b>-psv</b>] [<b>-c</b> <i>config_dir</i>] [<b>-d</b> <i>queue_id</i>] [<b>-h</b>
<i>queue_id</i>] [<b>-H</b> <i>queue_id</i>] [<b>-r</b> <i>queue_id</i>] [<i>directory</i> <i>...</i>]
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
The <b>postsuper</b> command does maintenance jobs on the Postfix
queue. Use of the command is restricted to the superuser.
See the <b>postqueue</b> command for unprivileged queue opera-
tions such as listing or flushing the mail queue.
By default, <b>postsuper</b> performs the operations requested
with the <b>-s</b> and <b>-p</b> command-line options on all Postfix
queue directories - this includes the <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and
<b>deferred</b> directories with mail files and the <b>bounce</b>, <b>defer</b>
and <b>flush</b> directories with log files.
Options:
<b>-c</b> <i>config_dir</i>
The <b>main.cf</b> configuration file is in the named
directory instead of the default configuration
directory. See also the MAIL_CONFIG environment
setting below.
<b>-d</b> <i>queue_id</i>
Delete one message with the named queue ID from the
named mail queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>, <b>incoming</b>,
<b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>). If a <i>queue_id</i> of <b>-</b> is speci-
fied, the program reads queue IDs from standard
input. For example, to delete all mail from or to
<b>user@example.com</b>:
mailq | tail +2 | awk 'BEGIN { RS = "" } \
/ user@example\.com$/ { print $1 } \
' | tr -d '*!' | postsuper -d -
Specify <b>-d</b> <b>ALL</b> to remove all messages; for example,
specify <b>-d</b> <b>ALL</b> <b>deferred</b> to delete mail in the
<b>deferred</b> queue. As a safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b>
must be specified in upper case.
<b>Postfix</b> <b>queue</b> <b>IDs</b> <b>are</b> <b>reused.</b> <b>There</b> <b>is</b> <b>a</b> <b>very</b>
<b>small</b> <b>possibility</b> <b>that</b> <b>postsuper</b> <b>deletes</b> <b>the</b> <b>wrong</b>
<b>message</b> <b>file</b> <b>when</b> <b>it</b> <b>is</b> <b>executed</b> <b>while</b> <b>the</b> <b>Postfix</b>
<b>mail</b> <b>system</b> <b>is</b> <b>running.</b>
The scenario is as follows:
1) The Postfix queue manager deletes the mes-
sage that <b>postsuper</b> is supposed to delete,
because Postfix is finished with the mes-
sage.
2) New mail arrives, and the new message is
given the same queue ID as the message that
<b>postsuper</b> is supposed to delete. The proba-
bility for reusing a deleted queue ID is
about 1 in 2**15 (the number of different
microsecond values that the system clock can
distinguish within a second).
3) <b>postsuper</b> deletes the new message, instead
of the old message that it should have
deleted.
<b>-h</b> <i>queue_id</i>
Put mail "on hold" so that no attempt is made to
deliver it. Move one message with the named queue
ID from the named mail queue(s) (default: <b>incoming</b>,
<b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>) to the <b>hold</b> queue. If a
<i>queue_id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads queue
IDs from standard input.
Specify <b>-h</b> <b>ALL</b> to hold all messages; for example,
specify <b>-h</b> <b>ALL</b> <b>deferred</b> to hold mail in the
<b>deferred</b> queue. As a safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b>
must be specified in upper case.
Note: mail that is put "on hold" will not expire
when its time in the queue exceeds the <b>maxi-</b>
<b>mal</b><i>_</i><b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>lifetime</b> setting.
<b>-H</b> <i>queue_id</i>
Release mail that was put "on hold". Move one mes-
sage with the named queue ID from the named mail
queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>) to the <b>deferred</b> queue. If
a <i>queue_id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads
queue IDs from standard input.
Specify <b>-H</b> <b>ALL</b> to release all mail that is "on
hold". As a safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be
specified in upper case.
<b>-p</b> Purge old temporary files that are left over after
system or software crashes.
<b>-r</b> <i>queue_id</i>
Requeue the message with the named queue ID from
the named mail queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>, <b>incoming</b>,
<b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>). To requeue multiple mes-
sages, specify multiple <b>-r</b> command-line options.
Alternatively, if a <i>queue_id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the
program reads queue IDs from standard input.
Specify <b>-r</b> <b>ALL</b> to requeue all messages. As a safety
measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper
case.
A requeued message is moved to the <b>maildrop</b> queue,
from where it is copied by the pickup daemon to a
new file whose name is guaranteed to match the new
queue file inode number. The new queue file is sub-
jected again to mail address rewriting and substi-
tution. This is useful when rewriting rules or vir-
tual mappings have changed.
Postfix queue IDs are reused. There is a very
small possibility that <b>postsuper</b> requeues the wrong
message file when it is executed while the Postfix
mail system is running, but no harm should be done.
<b>-s</b> Structure check and structure repair. It is highly
recommended to perform this operation once before
Postfix startup.
<b>o</b> Rename files whose name does not match the
message file inode number. This operation is
necessary after restoring a mail queue from
a different machine, or from backup media.
<b>o</b> Move queue files that are in the wrong place
in the file system hierarchy and remove sub-
directories that are no longer needed. File
position rearrangements are necessary after
a change in the <b>hash</b><i>_</i><b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>names</b> and/or
<b>hash</b><i>_</i><b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>depth</b> configuration parameters.
<b>-v</b> Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Mul-
tiple <b>-v</b> options make the software increasingly
verbose.
<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
Problems are reported to the standard error stream and to
<b>syslogd</b>.
<b>postsuper</b> reports the number of messages deleted with <b>-d</b>,
the number of messages requeued with <b>-r</b>, and the number of
messages whose queue file name was fixed with <b>-s</b>. The
report is written to the standard error stream and to <b>sys-</b>
<b>logd</b>.
<b>ENVIRONMENT</b>
MAIL_CONFIG
Directory with the <b>main.cf</b> file.
<b>BUGS</b>
Mail that is not sanitized by Postfix (i.e. mail in the
<b>maildrop</b> queue) cannot be placed "on hold".
<b>CONFIGURATION</b> <b>PARAMETERS</b>
See the Postfix <b>main.cf</b> file for syntax details and for
default values.
<b>hash</b><i>_</i><b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>depth</b>
Number of subdirectory levels for hashed queues.
<b>hash</b><i>_</i><b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>names</b>
The names of queues that are organized into multi-
ple levels of subdirectories.
<b>SEE</b> <b>ALSO</b>
<a href="sendmail.1.html">sendmail(1)</a> sendmail-compatible user interface
<a href="postqueue.1.html">postqueue(1)</a> unprivileged queue operations
<b>LICENSE</b>
The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this
software.
<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
Wietse Venema
IBM T.J. Watson Research
P.O. Box 704
Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
POSTSUPER(1)
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