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<html> <head> </head> <body> <pre>
SENDMAIL(1)                                           SENDMAIL(1)

<b>NAME</b>
       sendmail - Postfix to Sendmail compatibility interface

<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
       <b>sendmail</b> [<i>option</i> <i>...</i>] [<i>recipient</i> <i>...</i>]

       <b>mailq</b>
       <b>sendmail</b> <b>-bp</b>

       <b>newaliases</b>
       <b>sendmail</b> <b>-I</b>

<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
       The  <b>sendmail</b>  program  implements the Postfix to Sendmail
       compatibility interface.  For the  sake  of  compatibility
       with  existing  applications,  some  Sendmail command-line
       options are recognized but silently ignored.

       By default, <b>sendmail</b> reads a message from  standard  input
       until  EOF  or until it reads a line with only a <b>.</b> charac-
       ter, and arranges for delivery.  <b>sendmail</b>  relies  on  the
       <a href="postdrop.1.html"><b>postdrop</b>(1)</a> command to create a queue file in the <b>maildrop</b>
       directory.

       Specific command aliases are  provided  for  other  common
       modes of operation:

       <b>mailq</b>  List  the  mail  queue.  Each entry shows the queue
              file ID, message size, arrival  time,  sender,  and
              the recipients that still need to be delivered.  If
              mail could not be delivered upon the last  attempt,
              the reason for failure is shown. This mode of oper-
              ation is implemented by executing the  <a href="postqueue.1.html"><b>postqueue</b>(1)</a>
              command.

       <b>newaliases</b>
              Initialize the alias database.  If no input file is
              specified (with the <b>-oA</b>  option,  see  below),  the
              program  processes  the  file(s) specified with the
              <b>alias</b><i>_</i><b>database</b>  configuration  parameter.   If   no
              alias  database type is specified, the program uses
              the type specified with the <b>database</b><i>_</i><b>type</b>  configu-
              ration parameter.  This mode of operation is imple-
              mented by running the <a href="postalias.1.html"><b>postalias</b>(1)</a> command.

              Note: it may take a minute or so  before  an  alias
              database  update  becomes  visible. Use the <b>postfix</b>
              <b>reload</b> command to eliminate this delay.

       These and other features can be selected by specifying the
       appropriate combination of command-line options. Some fea-
       tures are controlled by parameters in the <b>main.cf</b> configu-
       ration file.

       The following options are recognized:

       <b>-B</b> <i>body_type</i> (ignored)
              The  message  body  MIME  type.  Currently, Postfix
              implements <b>just-send-eight</b>.

       <b>-C</b> <i>config_file</i> (ignored :-)
              The path name of the <b>sendmail.cf</b> file. Postfix con-
              figuration files are kept in <b>/etc/postfix</b>.

       <b>-F</b> <i>full_name</i>
              Set  the  sender  full name. This is used only with
              messages that have no <b>From:</b> message header.

       <b>-G</b> (ignored)
              Gateway (relay) submission, as opposed  to  initial
              user submission.

       <b>-I</b>     Initialize  alias database. See the <b>newaliases</b> com-
              mand above.

       <b>-L</b> <i>label</i> (ignored)
              The logging label. Use the  <b>syslog</b><i>_</i><b>name</b>  configura-
              tion parameter instead.

       <b>-N</b> <i>dsn</i> (ignored)
              Delivery  status  notification  control. Currently,
              Postfix does not implement <b>DSN</b>.

       <b>-R</b> <i>return_limit</i> (ignored)
              Limit  the  size   of   bounced   mail.   Use   the
              <b>bounce</b><i>_</i><b>size</b><i>_</i><b>limit</b>  configuration parameter instead.

       <b>-X</b> <i>log_file</i> (ignored)
              Log mailer traffic.  Use  the  <b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>list</b>  and
              <b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>level</b>  configuration parameters instead.

       <b>-U</b> (ignored)
              Initial user submission.

       <b>-V</b>     Variable Envelope Return Path.  Given  an  envelope
              sender  address  of the form <i>owner-listname</i>@<i>origin</i>,
              each recipient <i>user</i>@<i>domain</i>  receives  mail  with  a
              personalized envelope sender address.

              By   default,   the  personalized  envelope  sender
              address is  <i>owner-listname</i><b>+</b><i>user</i><b>=</b><i>domain</i>@<i>origin</i>.  The
              default  <b>+</b>  and  <b>=</b> characters are configurable with
              the <b>default</b><i>_</i><b>verp</b><i>_</i><b>delimiters</b>  configuration  parame-
              ter.

       <b>-V</b><i>xy</i>   As <b>-V</b>, but uses <i>x</i> and <i>y</i> as the VERP delimiter char-
              acters, instead of the  characters  specified  with
              the  <b>default</b><i>_</i><b>verp</b><i>_</i><b>delimiters</b>  configuration parame-
              ter.

       <b>-bd</b>    Go into daemon mode.  This  mode  of  operation  is
              implemented by executing the <b>postfix</b> <b>start</b> command.

       <b>-bi</b>    Initialize alias database. See the <b>newaliases</b>  com-
              mand above.

       <b>-bm</b>    Read  mail  from  standard  input  and  arrange for
              delivery.  This is the default mode of operation.

       <b>-bp</b>    List the mail queue. See the <b>mailq</b> command above.

       <b>-bs</b>    Stand-alone SMTP server mode.  Read  SMTP  commands
              from  standard  input, and write responses to stan-
              dard output.  This mode of operation is implemented
              by running the <a href="smtpd.8.html"><b>smtpd</b>(8)</a> daemon.

       <b>-f</b> <i>sender</i>
              Set  the  envelope  sender  address.  This  is  the
              address where delivery problems are sent to, unless
              the  message contains an <b>Errors-To:</b> message header.

       <b>-h</b> <i>hop_count</i> (ignored)
              Hop count limit. Use the <b>hopcount</b><i>_</i><b>limit</b>  configura-
              tion parameter instead.

       <b>-i</b>     When  reading  a message from standard input, don't
              treat a line with only a <b>.</b> character as the end  of
              input.

       <b>-m</b> (ignored)
              Backwards compatibility.

       <b>-n</b> (ignored)
              Backwards compatibility.

       <b>-oA</b><i>alias_database</i>
              Non-default  alias  database.  Specify  <i>pathname</i> or
              <i>type</i>:<i>pathname</i>. See <a href="postalias.1.html"><b>postalias</b>(1)</a> for details.

       <b>-o7</b> (ignored)

       <b>-o8</b> (ignored)
              The message body type.  Currently,  Postfix  imple-
              ments <b>just-send-eight</b>.

       <b>-oi</b>    When  reading  a message from standard input, don't
              treat a line with only a <b>.</b> character as the end  of
              input.

       <b>-om</b> (ignored)
              The  sender  is  never  eliminated  from alias etc.
              expansions.

       <b>-o</b> <i>x</i> <i>value</i> (ignored)
              Set option <i>x</i> to <i>value</i>. Use the equivalent  configu-
              ration parameter in <b>main.cf</b> instead.

       <b>-r</b> <i>sender</i>
              Set  the  envelope  sender  address.  This  is  the
              address where delivery problems are sent to, unless
              the  message contains an <b>Errors-To:</b> message header.

       <b>-q</b>     Attempt to deliver all queued mail. This is  imple-
              mented by executing the <a href="postqueue.1.html"><b>postqueue</b>(1)</a> command.

       <b>-q</b><i>interval</i> (ignored)
              The   interval   between   queue   runs.   Use  the
              <b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>run</b><i>_</i><b>delay</b> configuration parameter instead.

       <b>-qR</b><i>site</i>
              Schedule immediate delivery of  all  mail  that  is
              queued for the named <i>site</i>. This option accepts only
              <i>site</i> names that are eligible for the  "fast  flush"
              service,   and  is  implemented  by  executing  the
              <a href="postqueue.1.html"><b>postqueue</b>(1)</a> command.  See <a href="flushd.8.html"><b>flush</b>(8)</a> for more infor-
              mation about the "fast flush" service.

       <b>-qS</b><i>site</i>
              This  command  is  not  implemented. Use the slower
              <b>sendmail</b> <b>-q</b> command instead.

       <b>-t</b>     Extract  recipients  from  message  headers.   This
              requires  that  no  recipients  be specified on the
              command line.

       <b>-v</b>     Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Mul-
              tiple  <b>-v</b>  options  make  the software increasingly
              verbose.

<b>SECURITY</b>
       By design, this program is not  set-user  (or  group)  id.
       However,  it  must  handle  data  from  untrusted users or
       untrusted machines.  Thus, the usual precautions  need  to
       be taken against malicious inputs.

<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
       Problems  are  logged  to  <b>syslogd</b>(8)  and to the standard
       error stream.

<b>ENVIRONMENT</b>
       <b>MAIL</b><i>_</i><b>CONFIG</b>
              Directory with Postfix configuration files.

       <b>MAIL</b><i>_</i><b>VERBOSE</b>
              Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes.

       <b>MAIL</b><i>_</i><b>DEBUG</b>
              Enable debugging with an external command, as spec-
              ified   with   the  <b>debugger</b><i>_</i><b>command</b>  configuration
              parameter.

<b>FILES</b>
       /var/spool/postfix, mail queue
       /etc/postfix, configuration files

<b>CONFIGURATION</b> <b>PARAMETERS</b>
       See the Postfix <b>main.cf</b> file for syntax  details  and  for
       default  values.  Use  the  <b>postfix</b> <b>reload</b> command after a
       configuration change.

       <b>alias</b><i>_</i><b>database</b>
              Default  alias  database(s)  for  <b>newaliases</b>.   The
              default  value  for  this  parameter is system-spe-
              cific.

       <b>bounce</b><i>_</i><b>size</b><i>_</i><b>limit</b>
              The amount of original message context that is sent
              along with a non-delivery notification.

       <b>database</b><i>_</i><b>type</b>
              Default alias etc. database type. On many UNIX sys-
              tems the default type is either <b>dbm</b> or <b>hash</b>.

       <b>debugger</b><i>_</i><b>command</b>
              Command that is executed after a Postfix daemon has
              initialized.

       <b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>level</b>
              Increment  in  verbose  logging level when a remote
              host  matches  a  pattern  in  the  <b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>list</b>
              parameter.

       <b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>list</b>
              List  of  domain or network patterns. When a remote
              host matches a pattern, increase the  verbose  log-
              ging   level   by   the  amount  specified  in  the
              <b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>level</b> parameter.

       <b>default</b><i>_</i><b>verp</b><i>_</i><b>delimiters</b>
              The VERP delimiter characters that  are  used  when
              the  <b>-V</b>  command  line  option is specified without
              delimiter characters.

       <b>fast</b><i>_</i><b>flush</b><i>_</i><b>domains</b>
              List of domains that will receive "fast flush" ser-
              vice  (default:  all  domains  that  this system is
              willing to relay mail to). This list specifies  the
              domains  that  Postfix  accepts  in  the  SMTP <b>ETRN</b>
              request and in the <b>sendmail</b> <b>-qR</b> command.

       <b>fork</b><i>_</i><b>attempts</b>
              Number of attempts to <b>fork</b>() a process before  giv-
              ing up.

       <b>fork</b><i>_</i><b>delay</b>
              Delay   in   seconds   between   successive  <b>fork</b>()
              attempts.

       <b>hopcount</b><i>_</i><b>limit</b>
              Limit the number of <b>Received:</b> message headers.

       <b>mail</b><i>_</i><b>owner</b>
              The owner of the mail queue  and  of  most  Postfix
              processes.

       <b>command</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>
              Directory  with  Postfix support commands (default:
              <b>$program</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>).

       <b>daemon</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>
              Directory with Postfix  daemon  programs  (default:
              <b>$program</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>).

       <b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>
              Top-level  directory  of the Postfix queue. This is
              also the root directory of Postfix daemons that run
              chrooted.

       <b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>run</b><i>_</i><b>delay</b>
              The  time  between successive scans of the deferred
              queue.

       <b>verp</b><i>_</i><b>delimiter</b><i>_</i><b>filter</b>
              The characters that Postfix accepts as VERP  delim-
              iter characters.

<b>SEE</b> <b>ALSO</b>
       <a href="pickup.8.html">pickup(8)</a> mail pickup daemon
       <a href="postalias.1.html">postalias(1)</a> maintain alias database
       <a href="postdrop.1.html">postdrop(1)</a> mail posting utility
       <a href="postfix.1.html">postfix(1)</a> mail system control
       <a href="postqueue.1.html">postqueue(1)</a> mail queue control
       <a href="qmgr.8.html">qmgr(8)</a> queue manager
       <a href="smtpd.8.html">smtpd(8)</a> SMTP server
       <a href="flushd.8.html">flush(8)</a> fast flush service
       syslogd(8) system logging

<b>LICENSE</b>
       The  Secure  Mailer  license must be distributed with this
       software.

<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
       Wietse Venema
       IBM T.J. Watson Research
       P.O. Box 704
       Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA

                                                      SENDMAIL(1)
</pre> </body> </html>